Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 133 requires business entities to document their anticipation of hedge effectiveness in order to qualify for hedge accounting treatment of gains and losses from financial derivatives. In the absence of specific guidelines, the accounting industry has espoused...

When brokers, analysts and fund managers buy or sell for their own account, they outperform retail investors over short windows up to a month. They earn particularly high abnormal returns when they trade simultaneously with other financial experts and when they trade before earnings...

When brokers, analysts, and fund managers buy or sell stocks for their own accounts, these “access employees” of financial institutions outperform retail investors over short windows up to a month. They earn particularly high abnormal returns when they trade before earnings announcements,...