Environmental taxation very often comprises special provisions for parts of the business sector in order to attenuate effects on competitiveness of emissionintensive activities. This paper discusses motives, alternative designs and criteria for the evaluation of such safeguards and analyzes if...

Im Jahre 1994 hat das DIW ein Szenario für eine ökologische Steuerreform untersucht. Dabei wurde die Einführung einer allgemeinen Energiesteuer unterstellt, deren Aufkommen zur Senkung bestehender Abgaben (insbesondere zur Senkung der Lohnnebenkosten der Arbeitgeber) verwendet werden sollte....

In October 2003, the European Union introduced a Directive which widens the scope of the EU's minimum taxation system from mineral oils to all energy products including coal, natural gas and electricity. It aims at reducing distortions that currently exist between Member States as well as...