The 2003 European Performance of Buildings Directive mandated all EU member states to enforce disclosure on the energy performance of residential and commercial properties. This is the first paper to analyse the introduction, adoption and market implications of energy labels (EPCs) in the...

California's per-capita electricity consumption is 50 percent lower than national per-capita consumption. Mild climate, deindustrialization, and its demographics explain part of this differential. California energy efficiency policy is often claimed to be another key factor. A challenge in...

California's per-capita electricity consumption is 50 percent lower than national per-capita consumption. Mild climate, deindustrialization, ad its demographics explain parts of this differential. California energy efficiency policy is often claimed to be another key factor. A challenge in...