to the legacy of communism where over-manning levels of employment were the norm. This paper sheds light on whether the … further use the Olley-Pakes methodology to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) and show that TFP has increased in most …

total factor productivity (TFP). We document the importance of entry and exit in job reallocation and show that TFP has … job destruction by state firms and reallocation of employment to private firms …

regions, as most of the excess job reallocation can be explained by employment shift within the same sector or region. There …