relative strength and closeness to victory increase the probability of winning the battle at hand. Patience reduces the role of … by which the allocation of prizes are governed by possibly repeated conflict. Our results contribute to an explanation … why. Compared to a single stage conflict, such structures can reduce the overall resources that are dissipated among the …

We study the role of an imbalance in fighting strengths when players bargain in the shadow of conflict. Our … experimental results suggest: In a simple bargaining game with an exogenous mediation proposal, the likelihood of conflict is … independent of the balance of power. If bargaining involves endogenous demand choices, however, the likelihood of conflict is …

expected change in relative strengths is moderate, and if the additional cost of investment in future strength is low. …

, R&D contests, electoral competition in political markets, military conflict and sports. I survey here this type of … competition which is sometimes called contest or tournament. I focus on the role of its various design aspects, such as prize …

survey includes the free-rider problem and the hold-up problem that emerges in the baseline model, the role of … supermodularity in alliance members' effort contributions, the role of budget constraints, the role of information transfer inside the … alliance, and the role of in-group favoritism. …

outside enemy, brothers in arms may already anticipate future internal conflict about dividing the spoils of winning; however …, this subsequent internal conflict does not discourage alliance members from expending much effort in the contest against …

in endogenously formed alliances cope better with the moral hazard problem in groups than players who are forced into an …

conflict and more intense fighting. …