Efforts by governments, donors, and civil society alike to improve governance, accountability, and development results on the ground have heightened attention to the idea that citizens can contribute to better public services by holding their policy makers, providers, and program managers...

The goal of this guidebook is to serve as a starting point for civil society organizations, as well as Bank teams interested in conducting Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys, both on a small and larger scale. It is designed to lead a research team from idea inception to results dissemination,...