are used to compare the number of patents granted to co-determined firms before and after the introduction of the law …

on the effects of the patent stock on profitability. The data base is a representative sample of German manufacturing … patent stock has a strong and robust effect on profitability. …

empirical study on the determinants of innovative activity measured by patent applications are presented. A sample of German … innovation, i.e. weakly controlled managers show a higher innovation propensity. However, the higher the leverage the more …

Many studies investigate the relationship between R&D expenditures as an input and patents as an intermediate product … or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead …