The steps taken in 1999-2003 to liberalise the electricity and gas market produced perceptible price reductions, not least due to a change in the pricing behaviour of providers. At the same time, new regulations (introducing of surcharges to the electricity price in order to promote small-scale...

This paper describes final energy demand for different fuels at a disaggregated level of 12 activities of the economy plus households. The model used combines single equations for total final energy demand with translog functions for inter-fuel substitution. At both stages embodied and...

This paper sets up a model of private consumption for selected EU countries with special emphasis on the consumption categories heating and transport. Sustainable consumption patterns require a "decoupling" of energy or materials use from satisfaction of consumers' needs and demands. Starting...