Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is considered as an indicator of firm performance. The literature relating to EO is reviewed and a hypothesis of a universal effect model is developed and tested to explain the relationship of EO to the performance of small business. The fact that the...

When unemployed persons go into business, they often are characterized as necessity entrepreneurs, because push factors, namely their unemployment, likely prompted their decision. In contrast to this, business founders who have been previously employed represent opportunity entrepreneurs because...