This paper develops an extended input-output model for the estimation of energy demand and related issues. It is built on the last Spanish Symmetric Input-Output Table (IOT, 2005). It has been tested for the period 2005-2008 and used for forecasting energy demand for the years 2009-2012 under...

In 2008, Spain exceeded by 20.9% the CO2 emissions allowed by the Kyoto Protocol for 2012. The financial and economic crisis has transformed these figures: as production fell so did energy demand and with it CO2 emissions. Will the Spanish economic crisis allow Spain to fulfill its commitments?...

Shell’s landmark ruling ordered to reduce the CO 2 emissions to the Shell group by a net 45% by 2030, compared to 2019 levels. In this paper, we analyze the effects of extending Shell's sentence to all the foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises and find that it would result in a 2.85...

Shell’s landmark ruling ordered to reduce the CO 2 emissions to the Shell group by a net 45% by 2030, compared to 2019 levels. If this Shell’s sentence were extended to all the foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises, it would result in a 2.85 GtCO 2 reduction in global emissions....

The methodology proposed in this paper allows us to parcel the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) into a bi-regional input–output framework to analyse whether the specialisation of countries in different stages of production and/or in final goods trading generates an increase or a decrease in...