tends to have a detrimental effect on domestic competitiveness, and it leads to an increase in carbon emissions abroad … problems. However, BTA protects domestic competitiveness more effectively, while IET achieves a greater reduction in foreign … competitiveness of noncovered sectors are negative. These two effects constitute the central trade-off in the implementation of both …

tends to have a detrimental effect on domestic competitiveness, and it leads to an increase in carbon emissions abroad … problems. However, BTA protects domestic competitiveness more effectively, while IET achieves a greater reduction in foreign … competitiveness of noncovered sectors are negative. These two effects constitute the central trade-off in the implementation of both …

This paper puts forward equity as an important structural element to understanding negotiation outcomes. We first … advance bargaining theory to incorporate the self-serving use of equity. Agents are predicted to push equity principles which … participants assess the support of the equity criteria by major parties in the climate negotiations. Comparing these results with …

sell emission abatement to the industrialized world. Equity rules to allocate abatement duties are mainly based on the …