The aim of this paper is the construction of a proxy of a permanent income in a cross section survey. External macroeconomic information is used to compute past earnings. Income inequalities based on the current variable and the permanent one are then compared. The decrease of income...

The endogeneity of regressors, due to a correlation with the error term, can involve significant biases in the estimation of behaviors. When both the explained variable and the regressors are continuous, several methods to detect the endogeneity and correct its effects are avaialbe. However,...

Heterogeneity of preferences between households with or without children is a source of difficulties in the computation of the cost of children on cross section data. However, with panel data, it becomes possible to make comparisons between individual welfares. The influence of births or...

This paper presents estimates of female labor supply between 1981 and 1989. Data come from longitudinal samples of French Labor Force Surveys. They allow to take into account unobserved individual heterogeneity. The latter explains a large part of total variance of residuals in a probit model...