A major cause of supply chain deficiencies is the bullwhip effect. This effect refers to the tendency of the variance of the replenishment orders to increase as one moves up a supply chain. Supply chain managers experience this variance amplification in both inventory levels and replenishment...

Supply chain collaboration creates a gain (a surplus) compared to uncoordinated or disconnected supply chain policies. In this paper we review policies to allocate the “gain” to supply chain members so that each firm’s objective becomes aligned with the supply chain’s objective. In other...

An important supply chain research problem is the bullwhip effect: demand fluctuations increase as one moves up the supply chain from retailer to manufacturer. It has been recognized that demand forecasting and ordering policies are two of the key causes of the bullwhip effect. In this paper we...