Vor dem Reformprozeß hatte sich die Sowjetunion weitgehend vom Weltmarkt abgekoppelt. Gleichzeitig gab es ein eng geknüpftes Netz interregionaler Lieferverflechtungen über die Grenzen der Republiken hinweg. Mit der politischen Desintegration traten Eigeninteressen der ehemaligen...

The paper discusses the costs and benefits to be expected by least-developed and low-income ("vulnerable") economies if they accede to the WTO, the impact of current debates about WTO reform on vulnerable economies, and measures to make it easier for vulnerable economies to accede to and...

For many applicant countries, accession to the WTO has been, and still is, a frustratingly slow process. In this paper, we discuss the substantial, contentious issues that are slowing down progress in accession negotiations. We contrast these with the benefits of WTO accession not only to the...

The paper applies an index suggested by Jeffrey Frankel on how to measure the gap between the intensity of national versus international transactions of a country to more than 100 countries over four periods between 1990 and 2005. The gap stands for "incomplete" globalization. It is shown that...