The infamous Blackberry case brought new attention to so-called 'patent trolls' and began the general association of … trolls with 'non-practicing' patent holders. This has had important legal consequences: Namely, patent holders have been … denied injunctive relief because they did not practice the patents themselves. In this paper we analyze how patent holders …

licensing and patent hold up. We find that, to the contrary, joint negotiations are not reasonably necessary to prevent hold up …

be considerable confusion about the implications of the decision. Some authors, concerned over patent holdup and …-manufacturing patent owners. Using an error cost framework, we examine the theory and evidence behind patent holdup concerns as they relate …, where patent holders with no designs of patent holdup are nonetheless denied injunctive relief. Instead of advocating …

Under the legal doctrine of first sale, or patent exhaustion, a patent holder's ability to license multiple parties … application of patent exhaustion. To the contrary, we show there are often private and social advantages to charging royalties at … default rule but can be easily overwritten in patent contracts …