We study local tax competition when municipalities can voluntarily cooperate with neighboring jurisdictions. In France, the strongest form of cooperation among municipalities occurs by forming an “establishment for inter-municipal cooperation” with tax power (EIMC). Joining an EIMC amounts...

This paper provides evidence of the role of spillovers in the efficiency of French municipalities. These spillovers are apprehended through four levels of municipal equipment and we investigate municipal efficiency changes both for cities including a certain amount of equipment and for cities...