Cloud computing has been a rising trend in the business world. In this paper, we consider two most important pricing schemes offered to sustained customers by major service providers in the cloud industry: the reservation-based scheme (the R-scheme) by Amazon or Microsoft, and the...

In recent years, there has been an increasing trend in supply chains to employ a “control tower” approach to improve supply chain performance. Such a strategy includes vendor- or supplier-managed-inventory (VMI or SMI) where the supplier takes over the control tower, and the other strategy...