Using data from the manufacturing sectors in the United States, Canada and France, we distinguish the energy efficiency and productivity impacts of embodied and unembodied technological progress. We find that technological progress embodied in new equipment is responsible for a surprisingly...

In this dissertation, the microtheoretic measurement of technical change (TC) is developed as an alternative to the index number approach to total factor productivity (TFP) growth, incorporating recent theoretical developments in dynamic cost functions that shed light on the effects and role of...