We study human capital investment decisions in the face of risk. Human capital is an important source of uninsurable idiosyncratic risk. However, the few studies that focus on the effect of risk on human capital investment typically treat human capital like any other risky asset, without taking...

We construct a multi-layer model of skills, occupations, and sectors. Technological progress among middle-skill occupations raises the employment shares and relative wages of lower- and higher-skill occupations (horizontal polarization), and those of managers over workers (vertical...