Energy consumption is an important index of the economic development of a country. Rapid changes in industry and the economy strongly affect energy consumption. Although traditional statistical approaches yield accurate forecasts of energy consumption, they may suffer from several limitations...

Solar energy has become an important energy source in recent years as it generates less pollution than other energies. A photovoltaic (PV) system, which typically has many components, converts solar energy into electrical energy. With the development of advanced engineering technologies, the...