those with short job tenure. Roughly half of those displaced find re-employment within two months while the other half … lingers on in the state of non-employment. There is less evidence however of a wage penalty to job loss, unlike in some … in Estonia. The main cost of displacement is then the income loss due to non-employment, which is severe for a minority …

whether wage arrears, delayed payments of wages, induce bonding effects. We find that workers' separation rates decrease …. After workers are repaid nominal wages, but have suffered real wage losses due to unexpectedly high inflation, we observe …

adjustment in the Russian transition process has been the delayed receipt of wages. More than half the workforce is experiencing … firm not paying wages in full or on time if the outside labor market is sufficiently dynamic. …