bodies and private firms. One little-explored empirical testing ground is the patent system. This paper examines the … administrative practices of patent offices in sixty countries over a 150-year period. I show that the usage of patent renewal fees … economies, and those where international trade is more important-incorporate discretionary features into their patent systems …

use in corporate finance research. But due to the complexities of patent data collection and the changing spatial and … industry composition of innovative firms, biases may be introduced. We highlight several patent-level biases induced by … truncation of reported patent awards and citations, affecting estimates of time trends and patterns across technology classes and …

use in corporate finance research. But due to the complexities of patent data collection and the changing spatial and … industry composition of innovative firms, biases may be introduced. We highlight several patent-level biases induced by … truncation of reported patent awards and citations, affecting estimates of time trends and patterns across technology classes and …

The paper builds a tractable model of a patent pool, an agreement among patent owners to license a set of their patents … to one another or to third parties. It first provides a necessary and suñcient condition for a patent pool to enhance …

institutional change benefitted patent holders, explains the burst in U.S. patenting. Using both international and" domestic data on … patent applications and awards, we conclude that the evidence is not favorable" to the conventional view. Instead, it appears …