the average patent, VC-backed innovation is substantially more procyclical than the broader economy. This is driven early …-stage startups, whose innovation in recessions is relatively less cited, less original, less general, and less related to fundamental …

While the importance of innovation to economic development is widely understood, the conditions conducive to it remain … relating to the economics of innovation and technological change while revisiting the findings of a classic book. Central to … public and private sectors affects innovation. Other essays examine the practice of open research and how the diffusion of …