Managers have found strategic alliances to be useful in entering international markets. Nonetheless, recent history suggests that international strategic alliances have a high likelihood of failure. To decrease this probability, managers must prepare their firm to collaborate. This requires...

It is generally understood that firm strategy is linked to both internal firm resources and external, competitive industry forces. More recently, studies have suggested that firm strategy is also influenced by the formal and informal institutions of the institutional environment. Culture and...

Multinational enterprises are, sina qua non, the world's technology producers. In this paper, we explore the concept of technology production by multinationals, focusing on three aspects: (i) technology as a firm-specific advantage, (ii) the costs of technology transfer, and (iii) technology...