This edition is devoted to the issue of poverty. Growth of prosperity is not distributed evenly among the Polish citizens, and some of them still cannot satisfy even basic needs. The improvement of an overall economic situation reduces risk of poverty in general. However, in case the risk...

Position of females on the European labour market has improved strongly over the past two decades. Changes in women’s employment were not only positive, but also managed to alleviate the negative developments in male employment rates, becoming thus a major driving force behind the efforts to...

This report consists of four parts. In the first part, we look at the Polish economy from the macroeconomic point of view and analyse the labour markets in eight – out of ten – states which joined the European Union in May 2004. In this venture, we focus on identifying those aggregate...

This edition of Employment in Poland is devoted to the analysis of the impact of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis (the so called Great Recession) on the labour market, and of the public finance and public debt crisis, which constitutes the direct consequence of a recession in some of the...

This Report is a third in the series Employment in Poland. Its subtitle, which reads Security on a flexible labour market, is a reflection of one of the key dilemmas in social and economic policy, namely the necessity to reconcile the development of effective economic structures that react in a...

This edition, entitled Labour in The Age of Structural Change, is devoted to the assessment of structural changes in Poland and otherEU and OECD countries, and their impact on the labour markets. The report is divided into four parts. The first part of the report entitled Labour Demand and the...

This policy brief looks at the major developments in women's position on the European labour market over the past two decades, identifying several pathways to increased female labour market activity and obstacles to overcome.

We study the gender dimension of occupational exposure to contagious diseases spread by the respiratory or close-contact route. We show that in Europe, women are more exposed to contagion, as they are more likely than men to work in occupations that require contact with diseases, frequent...

We study job retention rates - the shares of workers who continue to work in the same job over the next five years - in Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Job retention among older workers is key to prolonging careers and increasing employment of older people which in turn is a crucial...

In the early 2000s, Poland's unemployment rate reached 20%. That is now a distant memory, as employment has increased noticeably and the unemployment rate had dropped to 3.4% in 2021. The labor force participation of older workers increased following reforms aimed at prolonging careers. However,...