This article presents two simple algorithms to calculate the portfolio weights for a risk parity strategy, where asset class covariance information is appropriately taken into consideration to achieve “true” equal risk contribution. Previous implementations of risk parity either used a...

In this article, the authors conduct a horse race between representative risk parity portfolios and other asset allocation strategies, including equal weighting, minimum variance, mean–variance optimization, and the classic 60/40 equity/bond portfolio. They find that the traditional risk...

The authors compare the price of a stock at a given point in time with its ex post realized value, which is defined by the discounted net present value of subsequent actual cash distributions. This measure is called the Clairvoyant Value, that is, the value that a clairvoyant investor with...