By choosing investment strategies that intentionally create exposure to factor betas, investors may be obtaining uncompensated risks. We show across a wide variety of factors and geographical markets that factors constructed from fundamental characteristics have earned high returns, whereas...

In historical testing, valuation-indifferent indexing produces statistically significant and economically large outperformance relative to traditional capitalization-weighted indexes. This result has been found for both U.S. and global equity data, as well as U.S. corporate bonds and emerging...

Implementation shortfall, whether from trading costs, discontinuous trading, or other frictions, erodes the performance of any investment strategy. These frictions, along with asset management fees, are the main sources of the sometimes-vast gap between live results and paper portfolio...