Many scholars generally believe that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in comparison to large firms are at a disadvantage in foreign direct investment (FDI). However, new evidence suggests that SMEs also play an important role in FDI. Why do they undertake risk in other countries? We are...

Banks must take various risks, especially credit risks from granting credit, however, they should take action against risks in order to adopt an optimal portfolio between risks and returns. Thus, recent advances in risk management formulas in banking may facilitate credit availability, enabling...