Data breaches are becoming increasingly pervasive and costly to firms. Prior and recent studies on the consequences of disclosed data breaches primarily focus on the direct effects on the breached firms. We undertake a different approach by studying the spillover effects from breached customer...

We study the association between firms' disclosures in Forms 10-K of the existence of trade secrets, and cyber theft of corporate data (which we refer to as “Breaches”). Prior academic research explaining occurrence of Breaches is scarce, and no prior study has focused specifically on...