We investigate the following important questions in international business. How do multinational enterprises (MNEs) choose ownership strategies when facing strong uncertainty in foreign market entries? How are the choices affected by industry contingencies? Following the key tenets of real...

This study examines how the performance of cross-border venture capital investments is affected by national institutional and cultural distances between the environments of venture capitalists (VCs) and investee ventures. We propose that institutional and cultural distances will decrease VCs'...

This study reviews the research on international investment strategy from a real options lens and discusses avenues for future research. Uncertainty has been a persistent feature in international business, and multinational enterprises (MNEs) have to deal with uncertainty (e.g., market,...