A common finding in the literature is that pollution worsens with economic growth but then decreases after the GDP per capita reaches a certain threshold, which lends support to the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. However, we argue that the environmental turning point could not be...

The Chinese government has adopted a rebalancing strategy since 2011, shifting from an investment- to consumption-oriented growth model. An aim of this reform is for a “greener” development mode, but relevant empirical evidence is slim. In this study, we propose an innovative methodology to...

We revisit the effect of trade openness on environmental quality by utilizing data on the air visibility of 134 countries during 1961–2004. We find a significantly negative impact of trade openness on air quality, not only for developing economies, but also for developed ones. This finding is...