Purpose: The purpose of this study is twofold. First, this research estimates banks' efficiencies from the perspectives of resource utilization and investment after incorporating risk measures as an exogenous input in the investment-efficiency stage. Second, the current study examines the...

The central concept of strategic benchmarking is resource management efciency, which ultimately results in proftability. However, little is known about performance measurement from resource-based perspectives. This study uses the data envelop‑ ment analysis (DEA) model with a dynamic network...