The balance between jobs and housing has received considerable attention in the recent debates over sustainable urban development. The excess commuting technique, which measures the difference between the average observed commute and the average minimum commute, has been suggested as one means...

In this paper we revisit the excess-commuting technique and its links with urban form. The uncertainty in measurement is highlighted, as are the problems relating to changes in excess commuting over time. The measure of the theoretical maximum commute is proposed and added to the traditional...