Confidence intervals based on cluster-robust covariance matrices can be constructed in many ways. In addition to conventional intervals obtained by inverting Wald (t) tests, the paper studies intervals obtained by inverting LM tests, studentized bootstrap intervals based on the wild cluster...

This paper discusses ways to reduce the bias of consistent estimators that are biased in finite samples. It is necessary that the bias function, which relates parameter values to bias, should be estimable by computer simulation or by some other method. If so, bias can be reduced or, in some...

We study several methods of constructing confidence sets for the coefficient of the single right-hand-side endogenous variable in a linear equation with weak instruments. Two of these are based on conditional likelihood ratio (CLR) tests, and the others are based on inverting t statistics or the...

Little attention has been paid to the finite-sample properties of tests for overidentifying restrictions in linear regression models with a single endogenous regressor and weak instruments. We study several such tests in models estimated by instrumental variables (IV) and limited-information...

We calculate, by simulations, numerical asymptotic distribution functions of likelihood ratio tests for fractional unit roots and cointegration rank. Because these distributions depend on a real-valued parameter b which must be estimated, simple tabulation is not feasible. Partly due to the...

The widely used Cochrane-Orcutt and Hildreth-Lu procedures for estimating the parameters of a linear regression model with first-order serial correlation typically ignore the first observation. An alternative maximum likelihood procedure is recommended in this paper. This procedure is preferable...

We develop a version of the differencing specification test which may be used to test models with serially correlated errors. The test is worked out for the general case, and in more detail for the commonly-encountered case of models with AR(1) errors. As an example, the test is applied to a...

Bootstrap tests are tests for which the significance level is calculated by some sort of bootstrap procedure, which may be parametric or nonparametric. We show that, in many circumstances, the size distortion of a bootstrap P value for a test will be one whole order of magnitude smaller than...

This paper proves the existence of general economic equilibrium in a class of general equilibrium models where there may be increasing returns to scale in some industries, and in which both production and consumption decisions may be influenced by the level of production in some industries. The...

This paper discusses several statistical techniques which can be used to test the validity of a possibly nonlinear and multivariate regression model, using the information provided by estimating one or more alternative models on the same set of data. The techniques we propose can be regarded as...