Based on an examination of 150 instruments (ranging from international investment agreements to MNE codes) that deal with the interaction between host countries and MNEs, this Perspective identifies common FDI sustainability characteristics and suggests ways in which stakeholders can utilize and...

Reaching the SDGs has become the lodestar of development policymaking. Increased sustainable FDI flows to developing countries can make an important contribution to reaching the Goals. This article analyzes 150 instruments (treaties, standards, codes) prepared by key stakeholder groups in the...

Based on an examination of 150 instruments (ranging from international investment agreements to MNE codes) that deal with the interaction between host countries and MNEs, this Perspective identifies common FDI sustainability characteristics and suggests ways in which stakeholders can utilize and...

Based on a review of 150 instruments, ranging from international investment agreements to codes of multinational enterprises, this paper identifies ten core characteristics of sustainable FDI and twenty emerging sustainable FDI characteristics widely accepted across ten stakeholder groups. The...