The objective of this paper is to evaluate the extent to which technological specialization influences the observed R&D intensity of countries, and hence would bias the well-known country rankings that consist in comparing aggregate R&D intensity. The econometric analysis performed on a...

The ‘entrepreneurial university’ is an increasingly frequent notion in debates about new ways of knowledge production and the changing relationships between university, industry and government. A rich literature has developed exploring outputs of such activity, most notably ‘patenting’,...

The 'entrepreneurial university' has become commonplace in debates about new ways of knowledge production and the changing relationships between university, industry and government. A rich literature has developed exploring outputs of such activity, most notably 'patenting', 'licensing', and...

This paper aims at assessing the direct and total (direct, indirect and induced) impact of the Belgian air industry (BAI). The empirical analysis shows that in 2003 the ten largest Belgian airlines had about 4.300 employees. The "indirect" and "induced" effects of these airlines activities...

This article reviews the literature on knowledge transfer mechanisms (KTMs) used in university-industry interactions. The literature may be articulated around four dimensions: (i) the relative importance of KTM as perceived by the involved stakeholders, (ii) the factors affecting the...