contributions to global trade growth have come from East Asian countries in the developing world and the Euro area in the developed … world. Merchandise trade, which in recent years has been less resilient than services trade, picked up, growing by 4 … aggregate demand, and capital goods production has longer global value chains (GVCs). Preliminary monthly data indicate that the …

Global trade growth slowed in 2018 amid a weakening of economic growth in China and the Euro Area and rising trade …. Trade policy developments are mixed. Restrictive trade measures imposed during 2018 affected 3.8 percent of world … merchandise trade, nearly three times the share affected in any of the years since the global financial crisis of 2009. Tit …

remote work contracted less throughout the pandemic. Importantly, participation in global value chains increased traders …

To understand the longer term consequences of natural disasters for global value chains, this paper examines trade in …

Services play a role in global value chains in many ways, similar to goods. But services deserve special attention … facilitates the emergence of global value chains, enhances downstream manufacturing firms' productivity, and shifts the pattern of …