contributions boosted in many nations. Yet our research on old-age system reforms does not require raising mandatory retirement ages … or contributions. Instead, we offer ways to enhance incentives for people to work longer and delay retirement. There are … good reasons to incentivize older people to work longer and delay retirement. These include rising longevity, the shrinking …

Tax-qualified vehicles helped U.S. private-sector workers accumulate $25Tr in retirement assets. An often …-overlooked important institutional feature shaping decumulations from these retirement plans is the "Required Minimum Distribution" (RMD …) regulation, requiring retirees to withdraw a minimum fraction from their retirement accounts or pay excise taxes on withdrawal …

retirement security, enhancing welfare by up to 20% of retiree plan accruals. …

Many nations incentivize retirement saving by letting workers defer taxes on pension contributions, imposing them when … taxing pension contributions instead of withdrawals leads to delayed retirement, somewhat lower lifetime tax payments, and …