mean and volatility. The endogenous structural breakpoint unit root test, ARDL model, and alternative volatility models … price while the volatility of global fertilizer prices and crude oil price from March to December 2008 are higher than in …

The paper examines the relative performance of Stochastic Volatility (SV) and Generalised Autoregressive Conditional … Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) (1,1) models fitted to ten years of daily data for FTSE. As a benchmark, we used the realized volatility (RV … standard volatility models if the simple expedient of using lagged squared demeaned daily returns provides a better RV …

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the volatility spillovers between the returns on crude oil futures and oil … be quite low using the CCC model, while the VARMA-GARCH and VARMA-AGARCH models suggest no significant volatility …