This article presents some new estimates of the degree of returns to scale for European regional manufacturing, for the period 1986—2002. To obtain these estimates, the article makes use of a Verdoorn law framework, estimating both demand- and supply-side versions of the law. Estimation...

Abstract Verdoorn's law is estimated in a spatial econometric framework for individual manufacturing industries using EU regional data. Estimates of encompassing returns to scale are large, but other explanatory variables, including measures of industrial specialization and diversity, tend to be...

Recent theoretical advances have emphasised the importance of localised increasing returns to scale in understanding both the regional growth and agglomeration processes. However, considerable empirical controversy still exists over whether returns to scale are constant or increasing....