In the current paper, we examine the existence of possible threshold relationships in the commodity price – freight rate nexus, under or over which the relationship between the two changes. Using the first lag of the commodity price change as the threshold variable, we find that, in the case...

We present, for the first time in the literature, empirical estimates of the supply and demand curves for the ocean-going dry bulk sector, using a three-stage least squares methodology. Furthermore, we augment these functions with sentiment, which appears to have a positive and significant...

This paper investigates whether dynamic volatility spillovers across shipping freight markets can be explained by a comprehensive set of indicators capturing shipping investors’ sentiment. The results of this study reveal that an increase of the ratio of second-hand vessel price over...

We employ a Bayesian Vector Autoregressive methodology, to counter the issue of data availability, and explore the relationship between seaborne commodity trade and freight rates. Our results show three important insights: first and foremost, the quantity of seaborne commodity trade has a strong...

We employ a cointegration setup to explore route-specific off-equilibrium deviations related to Covid-19 that have affected clean (petroleum products) and dirty (crude oil) tanker freight rates, over and above the expected macroeconomic reactions. We find that the additional deviation caused by...

Consumer inflation across the globe has rebounded during 2021, also as a result of supply side disruptions, one of which is the increase in freight costs. To elaborate on the relationship between inflation and shipping costs, we employ a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and use disaggregated...

We explore, for the first time in the literature, how the revenues of ship management companies respond to macroeconomic exogenous shocks. Using data for ship-management companies in Cyprus, we find evidence that a demand shock has the largest impact on revenues, exhibiting an almost one-for-one...

We examine the impact of port congestion on containership freight rates. Our results show that port congestion has a positive and significant effect on containership freight rates. However, a 1% increase in port congestion in North America or Europe has an effect of approximately 0.5% on...