Efficient preconcentration strategy is of vital importance for the sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of metal ions; rapid specific enrichment with the depressed absorption of interfering ions at electrode, however, is challenging. Here, we proposed an electric field-induced...

Efficient preconcentration strategy is of vital importance for the sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of metal ions; rapid specific enrichment with the depressed absorption of interfering ions at electrode, however, is challenging. Here, we proposed an electric field-induced...

In this article, we analyze the application of options contract in special commodity supply chain such as fresh agricultural products. This problem is discussed in the point of the retailer. When spot market and future market are both available, we discuss how the retailer chooses the optimal...