We extend the IPO literature analysing the role of financial market integration in the development of IPO markets and the pricing of newly listed stocks. Using a hierarchical linear model, we show that differences in underpricing between markets with high and low financial integration levels are...

This paper represents a first attempt to employ a macroeconomic approach to explain the high and varying IPO underpricing within a single emerging market. We examine the empirical impact of trade openness on the short-run underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) using city-level data....

This paper examines the empirical impact of trade openness on the short-run underpricing of real estate IPOs in China, on a city level. To our knowledge, this represents the first paper which employs a macroeconomic argument to explain the real estate IPO performance. Our work is based on the...

This study investigates the determinants of cross-border capital flows into direct real estate markets. In particular, it investigates how existing institutional, regulatory and real estate specific barriers affect cross-border real estate inflows and outflows in a sample of 24 developed and...

Cross-border capital flows into real estate are marked by sharp inequalities among countries. Hypothetically, each country should receive capital flows commensurate with the size of its respective economy or, more accurately, the total size of its investible real estate market. In contrast to...