This article expands upon the traditional interstate rivalry concept by focusing on two conceptual dimensions of … interstate rivalry: issues and militarization. The first dimension captures the number of distinct issues that characterize a …-border rivers. The second dimension is very similar to the dispute density approach to rivalry, and captures the number of …

in opportunity-rich environments of enduring rivalry. Empirical analyses lend support to this hypothesis, showing that … high levels of inflation increase the probability of militarized dispute initiation in settings of rivalry but actually …