A number of market failures have been associated with R&D investments and significant amounts of public money have been spent on programs to stimulate innovative activities. In this paper, we review some recent microeconometric studies evaluating effects of government-sponsored commercial R&D....

Economists, in particular Bresnahan and Trajtenberg (1995), have recently drawn attention to the importance of generic or general purpose technologies (GPTs) and their significance for economic growth. An interesting part of this research identifies coordination problems in the introduction of...

The first part of this article gives a brief overview of the main problems facing the developing countries in the present international trading system, and reviews the debate on import substitution vs. export promotion. Towards this background the main part of the article discusses South-South...