This chapter summarizes historical evidence on the link between patent laws and innovation. Earlier historical analyses … have emphasized the importance of patent laws in encouraging innovation. Data on exhibits at international technology fairs … that non-patent mechanisms may play an important role in encouraging innovation. They also show that inventors’ dependency …

Compulsory licensing allows governments to license patented inventions without the consent of patent owners. Intended …

patenting decisions are unresponsive to differences in patent laws. Cross-section evidence suggests that high-quality and urban …

Patent pools allow competing firms to combine their patents and license them as a package to outside firms. Regulators … licensing strategies of patent pools. This paper takes advantage of a unique period of regulatory tolerance during the New Deal …

foreign patent owners. This paper uses an exogenous event of compulsory licensingafter World War I under the Trading with the …

A growing empirical literature uses patent citations as a quality-adjusted measure for innovation, despite concerns … influence citations: 1) improvements in performance 2) citing practices of patent attorneys, and 3) citing practices of patent … useful quality-adjusted measure for innovation. The citing practices of patent attorneys and examiners, however, also …

existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction – as opposed to the rate … to address problems with the current patent system: 3) How do patent pools, as a mechanism to mitigate litigation risks …

when patent rights have been too broad or strong, they have actually discouraged innovation. This paper summarizes the …