effects. Our results suggest that accounting for complementarities between inputs and incentives could substantially improve …

providing schools with (a) unconditional grants, (b) teacher incentives based on student performance, and (c) both of the above … effects from teacher incentives, and (c) significant positive effects from providing both programs. Most importantly, we find … policy) with improved teacher incentives could substantially increase the cost-effectiveness of public spending on education …

outcomes in middle school grades in urban India, using a lottery that provided students with a voucher to cover program costs …

providing better incentives for provider effort than administrative accountability in the public sector in this setting. While …

learning outcomes. Our setting is middle-school grades in urban India, where a lottery provided winning students with a voucher …

incentives to over treat. These differences in provider effort may partly explain the dominant market share of fee …