varies across regions. We study the effects of privatization, the importance of different types of owners, the effects of …

institutions and economists' thinking on institutions during transition. Early in transition, institutions were virtually ignored … events influenced intellectual developments, institutions were at the center of analysis. Growth is strongly related to … institutional construction. Transition countries built institutions speedily but with marked variation across countries. Legal …

institutions cannot quickly negate the effects of past privatization policies. These conclusions reverberate with the process of … on the speed of construction and on variations across different types of institutions. It also examines the reactions of … firms to the new institutions. Firm adjustment is slower than institutional construction. The contrast between law's use in …

politics, law, and governmental administration. The explanatory variable of interest is the level of institutions in bordering …

A fundamental question in economic development is how societies first acquire a successful set of institutions. To … productive institutions, ideas, and habits. This paper argues that the English experience of institutional development cannot be …

responses as direct measures of institutional concepts and using those to analyze the effects of institutions at the firm level …-country variation in institutions. Essay 1 offers a simple conceptual framework that decomposes survey responses for each firm into the …

whether the choice of institutions depends on the historical experience and the stock of knowledge of economic agents. We …

increasingly important role. Second, formal legal institutions have not made a critical contribution to China's remarkable economic …

We examine spatial spillovers between countries in the development of institutions. Our dependent variables are three … measures of institutions that relate to politics, law, and governmental administration. The major explanatory variable on which … we focus is a spatial lag of the dependent variable, that is, the level of similar institutions in bordering countries …

shows that institutional quality in transition countries is roughly as expected given per capita incomes. Institutions are …. Formal institutions have contributed more than informal ones. The largest contributions have come from formal institutions … separate from the state administrative structure. Political institutions, legal systems, and independent governmental agencies …