This review evaluates the four major theories of corporate financing: (1) the Modigliani–Miller theory of capital-structure irrelevance, in which firm values and real investment decisions are unaffected by financing; (2) the trade-off theory, in which firms balance the tax advantages of...

Presents a model of the issue-invest decision that occurs in firms when the management of the firm has superior knowledge related to the investment. This decision arises when a firm has a valuable investment opportunity that it wishes to undertake and cannot fully disclose to investors, but must...