This paper considers the problem of hypotheses testing in a simple panel data regression model with random individual effects and serially correlated disturbances. Following Baltagi, Kao and Liu (2008), we allow for the possibility of non-stationarity in the regressor and/or the disturbance...

This paper considers testing for cross-sectional dependence in a panel factor model. Based on the model considered by Bai (Econometrica 71: 135–171, <CitationRef CitationID="CR3">2003</CitationRef>), we investigate the use of a simple <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$F$$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> test for testing for cross-sectional dependence when the factor may be known or unknown. The...</equationsource></inlineequation></citationref>